Paradoxical vocal fold movement is a disorder that causes the vocal cords to close when they need to be open. It leads to symptoms such as wheezing, difficulty breathing, and potential hospitalization. Speech language pathologists can diagnose PVFM by evaluating episodes, medical history, or voice examination. ISLP provides vocal exercises, relaxation, and breath support to improve speech functions. A medical treatment may be required to resolve physical causes of the disorder.

When a voice disorder becomes chronic, it is referred to as spasmodic dysphonia. The vocal cords are strained and result in a hoarse or tight voice. There are periods when no sound is produced at all. Symptoms can be introduced as mild, but may worsen with time. Spasmodic dysphonia has no permanent cure, but can be treated to improve the voice. ISLP provides therapy sessions to strengthen voice production. Vocational counseling will also be applied to cope with any effects on the individual’s occupation.